Neuropsychological assessments are comprehensive evaluations conducted by a neuropsychologist and designed to provide a deeper understanding of how brain function influences thoughts and behaviours. Using standardized tests, these assessments evaluate cognitive and behavioural abilities, such as intelligence, attention, language, memory, and perceptional and motor skills. Their primary objectives are often to provide a diagnosis, treatment plan, and tailored recommendations for learning and return-to-work practices.

In children and adolescents, neuropsychological assessments focus on various aspects of learning and cognitive functioning. They can provide diagnoses of neurodevelopmental disorders, such as learning disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorders (ADHD), and intellectual disability. They can also identify any other social, emotional, or behavioural challenges affecting a child/adolescent’s learning and development.

The reasons for seeking a neuropsychological assessment vary and are often linked with academic, behavioural, and developmental concerns. Below are some diagnoses for which an assessment is recommended:

• Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
• Autism spectrum disorder
• Communication disorders
• Developmental coordination disorder
• Developmental delays
• Giftedness
• Intellectual development disorder
• Specific learning disorders, such as those associated with difficulties in arithmetic, reading, spelling, and writing

An assessment may also be helpful to evaluate neuropsychological and socio-emotional functioning for the following:

• Head traumas
• Neurological disorders, such as epilepsy and Tourette syndrome